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Related Experiment Videos

Arithmetic disabilities and ADD subtypes: implications for DSM-IV.

R M Marshall1, V A Schafer, L O'Donnell

  • 1School Psychology Program, Department of Educational Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, 78712-1296, USA.

Journal of Learning Disabilities
|October 29, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Students with attention-deficit disorder without hyperactivity showed specific deficits in math calculation skills. This highlights inattention's impact on arithmetic computation, suggesting at-risk status for inattentive ADHD types.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Educational Psychology
  • Child Psychiatry

Background:

  • Attention-deficit disorder (ADD) subtypes may present with varying academic challenges.
  • Previous research has explored academic deficits in relation to ADD subtypes.
  • Understanding subtype-specific learning patterns is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate academic deficits associated with attention-deficit disorder with hyperactivity (ADD/H) versus attention-deficit disorder without hyperactivity (ADD/noH).
  • To determine if specific subtypes of ADD are linked to particular academic skill impairments.
  • To examine the impact of inattention on arithmetic computation skills.

Main Methods:

  • Compared 20 students with ADD/H to 20 students with ADD/noH (ages 8-12).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilized MANCOVA for between-group differences and paired t tests for within-group comparisons.
  • Assessed four Woodcock-Johnson Psycho-Educational Battery-Revised subtests: Letter-Word Identification, Passage Comprehension, Calculation, and Applied Problems.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant differences were found between ADD/H and ADD/noH groups on overall achievement measures.
    • Significant within-group differences emerged, primarily related to lower performance on the Math Calculations subtest.
    • Students with ADD/noH exhibited significantly lower scores on Calculation compared to other subtests.

    Conclusions:

    • Inattention appears to have a specific negative effect on the development of arithmetic computation skills.
    • Findings support the hypothesis that inattentive ADHD types may be at higher risk for deficits in math calculation.
    • Implications for diagnosis and treatment of ADHD, particularly the Predominantly Inattentive Type, are significant.