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A population study of face and brow presentation
P S Bhal1, N J Davies, T Chung
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Wales NHS Trust, Cardiff, UK.
Summary
Face and brow presentations are rare obstetric complications. Brow presentations often require cesarean delivery, while face presentations have a higher rate of vaginal delivery.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics
- Perinatal Medicine
- Fetal Presentation
Background:
- Face and brow presentations are uncommon fetal head positions during childbirth.
- Understanding their incidence and outcomes is crucial for obstetric management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the incidence and outcomes of face and brow presentations.
- To compare these outcomes with standard vertex presentations.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of deliveries in South Glamorgan (1990-1996).
- Analysis of incidence, associated factors, and delivery methods for face and brow presentations.
Main Results:
- Incidence: Face presentation 1:994, Brow presentation 1:755.
- Face presentation associated with prematurity; Brow presentation with postmaturity.
- Over 50% of malpresentations diagnosed in the second stage of labor.
- Most brow presentations delivered via cesarean section; 56% of face presentations delivered vaginally.
Conclusions:
- Incidence of face presentation is no longer more common than brow presentation.
- Delivery outcomes differ significantly between face and brow presentations.
- Timely diagnosis and appropriate management are essential for these deflexed cephalic attitudes.