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Testosterone and grasp-reflex differences in human neonates.

U Tan1, M Tan

  • 1Department of Physiology, BlackSea Technical University, Medical Faculty, Trabzon, Turkey. unertan@mailcity.com

Laterality
|October 30, 2004
PubMed
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Prenatal testosterone (T) levels may influence handedness. Contrary to the Geschwind-Behan-Galaburda hypothesis, higher free T was linked to right-handedness in neonates, suggesting a role in motor lateralization.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • The Geschwind-Behan-Galaburda (GBG) hypothesis proposes prenatal testosterone (T) affects brain lateralization, linking high T to left-handedness and low T to right-handedness.
  • Cerebral lateralization, the specialization of brain hemispheres, is a key aspect of human neurodevelopment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between prenatal testosterone levels and handedness in human neonates.
  • To test the predictions of the GBG hypothesis regarding prenatal T and cerebral lateralization.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed handedness in neonates by measuring grasp-reflex strengths from alternating right and left hands over multiple trials.
  • Measured free and total testosterone levels in umbilical cord blood from neonates.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Categorized neonates into right-handed and left-handed groups based on grasp-reflex asymmetry.

    • Main Results:

    • Contrary to the GBG hypothesis, mean free testosterone concentrations were significantly higher in right-handed neonates (both males and females) compared to left-handed neonates.
    • Free testosterone concentrations showed a positive correlation with right-hand preference and a negative correlation with left-hand preference.
    • Prenatal total testosterone levels did not significantly differ between handedness groups and did not correlate with grasp-reflex strengths.
    • Testosterone negatively correlated with grasp-reflex strengths in both right and left hands, partially supporting the GBG hypothesis for spinal-motor asymmetry.

    Conclusions:

    • Prenatal testosterone levels, particularly free T, may play a role in the prenatal determination of spinal motor lateralization.
    • Findings suggest a complex interaction between prenatal T and the development of both spinal motor and potentially cerebral lateralization.
    • The study partially supports the GBG hypothesis concerning prenatal T's influence on lateralization, but with findings contrary to the proposed direction for cerebral organization.