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Search for putative suppressor genes in meningioma: significance of chromosome 22
1Institut für Humangenetik, Universität des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Federal Republic of Germany.
Abstract:
Cytogenetic and molecular studies of various solid tumors have indicated that a series of different chromosomal regions may be deleted in the tumor genome. Usually, losses of heterozygosity are observed and, from this finding, the presence of specific genes acting as tumor suppressors has been deduced. In particular tumors, however, only a single chromosome site appears to be affected. Therefore, we have carried out a study of human meningioma, investigating 7 such putative suppressor regions by applying twelve site-specific DNA markers. In 6 out of 19 tumors, we exclusively found loss of heterozygosity for markers of the long arm of chromosome 22; none of the tumors showed statistically significant additional allelic losses for the regions 1p, 3p, 5p, 5q, 11p, 13q, 17p. Our data support the long-standing observation that only losses of or within chromosome 22 are associated with the development of meningiomas. Other suppressor regions are apparently not involved.
Insights
Genetic analysis of human meningioma reveals that the long arm of chromosome 22 is exclusively affected. This finding supports chromosome 22's role in meningioma development, with other suppressor regions not implicated.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Cytogenetic and molecular studies identify deleted chromosomal regions in solid tumors.
- Losses of heterozygosity (LOH) suggest the presence of tumor suppressor genes.
- Some tumors are characterized by alterations at a single chromosomal site.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate putative tumor suppressor regions in human meningioma.
- To determine the specific chromosomal alterations associated with meningioma development.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 19 human meningioma samples.
- Application of twelve site-specific DNA markers.
- Investigation of seven putative tumor suppressor regions, including chromosome 22q.
Main Results:
- Loss of heterozygosity was exclusively observed for markers on the long arm of chromosome 22 in 6 out of 19 tumors.
- No statistically significant additional allelic losses were found in other investigated regions (1p, 3p, 5p, 5q, 11p, 13q, 17p).
Conclusions:
- The study supports the established association between alterations in chromosome 22 and meningioma development.
- Other investigated tumor suppressor regions do not appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of these meningiomas.