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Related Experiment Videos

Calcium antagonists.

Ehud Grossman1, Franz H Messerli

  • 1Internal Medicine D and Hyperstension Unit, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.

Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases
|November 2, 2004
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Calcium antagonists are versatile drugs for hypertension and angina, offering cardiovascular benefits without metabolic side effects. They are safe and effective, particularly in elderly and diabetic patients, with specific advantages in stroke prevention.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Calcium antagonists, introduced in the 1980s, treat hypertension and other cardiovascular conditions.
  • They are a heterogeneous group with three main classes: phenylalkylamines, benzothiazepines, and dihydropyridines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the efficacy and safety of calcium antagonists in managing hypertension and related disorders.
  • To compare their effects with other antihypertensive agents and placebo.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent prospective randomized studies and comparative trials.
  • Analysis of effects on blood pressure, cardiovascular events, metabolic profiles, and specific patient populations.

Main Results:

  • Calcium antagonists lower blood pressure via vasodilation and reduce peripheral resistance, maintaining organ blood flow.

Related Experiment Videos

  • They do not impair glucose or lipid metabolism and may attenuate arteriosclerotic lesions, showing reduced diabetes development compared to diuretics and beta-blockers.
  • Studies show benefits in elderly and diabetic hypertensive patients, reducing major cardiovascular events and death; they are effective in angina and reduce left ventricular mass.
  • Comparative studies indicate superiority in stroke prevention, equivalence in ischemic heart disease, and inferiority in congestive heart failure prevention versus other agents.

    • Conclusions:

    • Calcium antagonists are safe and effective for hypertension and angina, with particular benefits for elderly, diabetic, and renal impairment patients.
    • They offer a favorable metabolic profile compared to diuretics and beta-blockers.
    • Specific subclasses may offer advantages in post-myocardial infarction and diabetic nephropathy management.