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Related Experiment Videos

Alpha-tocopherol and astaxanthin decrease macrophage infiltration, apoptosis and vulnerability in atheroma of

Wei Li1, Anna Hellsten, Leif S Jacobsson

  • 1Division of Pathology-II, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden. weilli@inr.liu.se

Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
|November 4, 2004
PubMed
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Antioxidants alpha-tocopherol and astaxanthin improve plaque stability in atherosclerosis by reducing macrophage infiltration and apoptosis. Astaxanthin showed a particularly significant effect in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Nutritional Science
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Atherosclerotic plaque composition influences rupture risk and thrombosis.
  • Key plaque features include lipids, macrophages, apoptosis, collagen, and metalloproteinase expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the anti-atherosclerotic effects of alpha-tocopherol and astaxanthin.
  • To assess their impact on plaque stability and composition in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-one WHHL rabbits were divided into control, alpha-tocopherol, and astaxanthin groups for 24 weeks.
  • Plaque composition, macrophage infiltration, apoptosis, collagen, and metalloproteinase expression were analyzed.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Both antioxidants decreased macrophage infiltration and apoptosis, particularly astaxanthin.
  • Astaxanthin-treated rabbits showed early plaque characteristics; both improved plaque stability.
  • Neither antioxidant affected lipid accumulation, but lesion size correlated with apoptosis only in controls.

Conclusions:

  • Alpha-tocopherol and astaxanthin enhance plaque stability by reducing macrophage infiltration and apoptosis.
  • Apoptosis reduction represents a potential novel anti-atherogenic mechanism for these antioxidants.