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Updated: Aug 21, 2026

Quantification of Metal Leaching in Immobilized Metal Affinity Chromatography
Published on: January 17, 2020
Assessment of the mechanical stability and chemical leachability of immobilized electroplating waste
A Carmalin Sophia1, Kanchana Swaminathan
1National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, CSIR Complex, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India.
Abstract:
The effectiveness of cement based treatment technology, in immobilizing chromium laden electroplating sludge was assessed by conducting toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP). The mechanical stability of the blocks was tested by measuring the compressive strength. Other leaching tests such as NEN 7341 test, ANS 16.1 and multiple TCLP (MTCLP) test conducted on select solidified blocks showed that chromium was immobilized by the binder studied. A linear relationship was obtained between the cumulative fraction of chromium leached (CFL) and square root of time in the solidified samples proving that diffusion is the controlling mechanism for leaching of chromium. The leachability indices (LI) obtained for the solidified materials using cement and cement-fly ash system (EPC6, EPFC6A and EPFC6B) satisfy the guidance value as per US NRC, which clearly indicates that chromium is well retained within the solid matrix. Chromium concentrations in the TCLP leachates of the above mix ratios were well within the regulatory level of United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Molecular characterization of the solidified material was carried out using Fourier transformation infra red (FTIR) technique.
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