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The antiphospholipid antibody syndrome: diagnostic aspects
Raed Behbehani1, Robert C Sergott, Peter J Savino
1Neuroophthalmology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA. r_behbehani@hotmail.com
Current Opinion in Ophthalmology
|November 4, 2004
Summary
Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) can cause thrombosis. Ophthalmologists should recognize APS clinical signs and diagnostic criteria for timely diagnosis and management of related eye conditions.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Rheumatology
- Immunology
Background:
- Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) is a significant cause of arterial and venous thrombosis.
- Ophthalmologic manifestations can be the initial presentation of APS.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in the clinical and laboratory diagnosis of APS.
- To highlight the relevance of these advancements for ophthalmologists.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on antiphospholipid antibody syndrome diagnostic criteria.
- Analysis of recent studies on ophthalmologic findings in APS patients.
- Evaluation of new diagnostic antibody tests for APS.
Main Results:
- Diagnostic criteria for APS have been recently revalidated.
- Limited prospective studies exist on antiphospholipid antibodies in retinal vascular occlusion.
- New antibody tests offer improved sensitivity and specificity but face standardization challenges.
Conclusions:
- Ophthalmologists must be aware of the clinical spectrum and diagnostic criteria of APS.
- Familiarity with basic laboratory workup for APS is essential.
- A high index of suspicion is crucial for diagnosing APS in ophthalmology patients.