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Related Experiment Videos

Growth of a third ferromagnetic solid 3He layer on graphite.

Akira Yamaguchi1, Takamichi Watanuki, Ryuichi Masutomi

  • 1The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan. yamagu@issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Physical Review Letters
|November 5, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Researchers studied helium-3 (3He) in Grafoil, finding its nuclear magnetization shows ferromagnetic behavior. This is due to the formation of solid helium-3 layers on the Grafoil surface as liquid pressure increases.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Low Temperature Physics
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

Background:

  • Helium-3 (3He) exhibits complex phase behavior at low temperatures and high pressures.
  • Adsorption of 3He onto surfaces like Grafoil can lead to unique solid and liquid phases.
  • Understanding the magnetic properties of adsorbed 3He is crucial for exploring quantum phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure the nuclear susceptibility of 3He adsorbed on Grafoil.
  • To investigate the pressure and temperature dependence of 3He's magnetic properties.
  • To identify the formation and characteristics of solid 3He layers.

Main Methods:

  • Continuous wave Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (cw NMR) technique was employed.
  • Measurements were conducted on pure liquid 3He within Grafoil at pressures from 0.6 to 31.38 bars.

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  • Experiments were performed at temperatures as low as 0.5 mK.

    • Main Results:

    • Nuclear magnetization of adsorbed 3He layers displayed a strong ferromagnetic tendency.
    • A periodic behavior in magnetization was observed as a function of liquid pressure.
    • The growth of the third and fourth solid 3He layers was identified with increasing liquid pressure.
    • The completion of the third layer was indicated at 19 bars, and the fourth at approximately 28 bars.
    • The number of localized spins nearly doubled between 0 and 28 bars.

    Conclusions:

    • The observed ferromagnetic behavior is attributed to the formation of successive solid 3He layers on the Grafoil surface.
    • The pressure dependence of the Weiss temperature provides evidence for the layer completion points.
    • The results are consistent with a scenario of layer-by-layer growth of solid 3He.