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Related Experiment Videos

Irradiation-induced magnetism in graphite: a density functional study.

P O Lehtinen1, A S Foster, Yuchen Ma

  • 1Laboratory of Physics, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 1100, 02015 Finland.

Physical Review Letters
|November 5, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Proton irradiation induces ferromagnetism in graphite by creating magnetic defects. Vacancy-hydrogen complexes are key, exhibiting double the magnetic moment of simple vacancies, explaining experimental observations.

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Chemistry

Background:

  • Nonmagnetic graphite can exhibit ferromagnetism after ion irradiation.
  • Proton irradiation is more effective than Helium ion bombardment in inducing this magnetism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the origin of irradiation-induced magnetism in graphite.
  • To calculate the magnetic properties of irradiation-induced defects, specifically vacancies and vacancy-hydrogen complexes.

Main Methods:

  • Spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed.
  • Calculations focused on the magnetic moments of vacancies and vacancy-hydrogen complexes in graphite.

Main Results:

  • Both vacancies and vacancy-hydrogen complexes were found to be magnetic.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Hydrogen adsorption on a vacancy significantly increased its magnetic moment, doubling that of a bare vacancy.
  • Vacancy-hydrogen complexes explain the macroscopic magnetic signal observed at low irradiation doses.

    • Conclusions:

    • Irradiation-induced magnetism in graphite is attributed to vacancy-hydrogen complexes.
    • The enhanced magnetic moment of these complexes aligns with experimental findings, validating the theoretical model.