An appropriate role for ethics in teaching contemporary issues

There seems to be general agreement among animal scientists that training in contemporary issues is an appropriate goal of animal science curricula. One approach is based on the view that public policy issues embody moral dilemmas that arise when the moral perspectives (values) of opposing groups are incompatible. Based on this view, an understanding of such issues requires some training in ethics. More specifically, knowledge of major moral theories and the nature of values is necessary to identify and analyze the moral components of issues. An appreciation for ethics also provides insight into addressing issues in a morally responsible manner. The plurality of values and the contextual nature of policy issues precludes solutions based on application of universal moral principles. Nevertheless, informed judgments, based on the collective wisdom of individuals, frequently offer solutions that address opposing values. Such judgments can be attained when those affected by issues form communities, attempt to achieve a collective understanding of the problem, and, if possible, construct a common set of values that facilitates consensus. Based on this analysis, issues courses should facilitate the development of learning communities wherein students and teachers critically analyze (i.e., deconstruct) and reconstruct issues in ways that enhance understanding and instill a respect for diverse moral perspectives. An expression of such understanding and respect is the ability to distinguish between situations when consensus offers fair solutions and when it subjects minority groups to the tyranny of the majority.