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Effectiveness of nutritional supplements on cognitive functioning in elderly persons: a systematic review
Marleen Manders1, Lisette C P G M de Groot, Wija A van Staveren
1Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands. Marleen.Manders@wur.nl
Summary
Nutritional supplements may enhance cognitive function in older adults. This systematic review found positive effects in 12 out of 21 randomized controlled trials, with no adverse outcomes reported.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Nutritional Neuroscience
- Clinical Trials Methodology
Background:
- Cognitive decline is a significant concern in the elderly population.
- The role of nutritional supplementation in mitigating cognitive impairment is under investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating nutritional supplementation for cognitive function in the elderly.
- To synthesize evidence on the effectiveness and safety of various nutritional interventions.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of MEDLINE and reference lists.
- Inclusion of randomized controlled trials comparing nutritional supplements to placebo.
- Data extraction on study design, participant characteristics, intervention details, and cognitive outcomes.
Main Results:
- 21 high-quality RCTs were included in the review.
- Twelve studies reported significant positive effects of nutritional interventions on cognitive function.
- Nine studies found no significant cognitive benefits, and no studies reported negative effects.
Conclusions:
- Nutritional supplements show potential for improving cognitive function in elderly individuals.
- Methodological variations across studies may explain inconsistent findings.
- Further rigorous research is recommended to confirm these benefits and optimize interventions.