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Metabolic changes in Klinefelter syndrome.

Corina Lichiardopol1, Maria Mota, Camelia Pănuş

  • 1University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania.

Romanian Journal of Internal Medicine = Revue Roumaine De Medecine Interne
|November 9, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Klinefelter syndrome (KS) patients show increased cardiovascular risk due to metabolic changes like hypercholesterolemia and higher obesity rates. Early detection of these metabolic alterations is crucial for managing KS health outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Health
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is a genetic condition affecting males, characterized by hypergonadotropic hypogonadism due to extra X chromosomes.
  • KS is associated with increased mortality from diabetes, cardiovascular, respiratory, and digestive diseases.
  • Metabolic alterations contributing to cardiovascular risk in KS require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess metabolic changes in untreated Klinefelter syndrome patients.
  • To evaluate the presence of factors increasing cardiovascular risk in KS.
  • To compare metabolic profiles of KS patients with age-matched controls.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study involving 31 untreated Klinefelter syndrome patients and 31 age-matched controls.

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  • Patients ranged from 19 to 54 years old.
  • Assessment included evaluation of cholesterol levels, glycemic values, and body mass index (BMI).

    • Main Results:

    • Hypercholesterolemia was observed in 56.67% of KS patients, correlating with age and androgen deficiency.
    • While no diabetes mellitus was diagnosed, 16.13% of KS patients had elevated glycemic values (>100 mg%).
    • Obesity rates were higher in KS patients (16.1%) compared to controls (9.7%), with similar overweight prevalence (35.5%).

    Conclusions:

    • Untreated Klinefelter syndrome is associated with significant metabolic changes, including hypercholesterolemia and a higher prevalence of obesity.
    • These metabolic alterations contribute to an increased cardiovascular risk profile in KS patients.
    • Monitoring metabolic health is essential for managing patients with Klinefelter syndrome.