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Electrical injuries: a 20-year review.

Brett D Arnoldo1, Gary F Purdue, Karen Kowalske

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Parkland Memorial Hospital, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.

The Journal of Burn Care & Rehabilitation
|November 10, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Electrical injuries, particularly high-voltage incidents, cause severe complications and significant socioeconomic impact. Prevention is challenging due to occupational risks in young, working men.

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Area of Science:

  • Trauma Surgery
  • Burn Care
  • Occupational Health

Background:

  • Electrical injuries present complex medical challenges with lasting socioeconomic consequences.
  • Burn centers manage a significant number of electrical injury admissions annually.
  • Understanding injury patterns and outcomes is crucial for improving patient care and prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review a single institution's 20-year experience with electrical injuries.
  • To analyze the types, complications, and outcomes of electrical injuries.
  • To identify risk factors and patient demographics associated with severe electrical trauma.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 700 electrical injury admissions from 1982 to 2002.
  • Data collected and analyzed using a computerized burn registry.

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  • Categorization of injuries into high voltage, low voltage, electric arc flash, and lightning.

    • Main Results:

    • High-voltage injuries resulted in the most complications, longest hospital stays, and most operations.
    • Lightning strikes had the highest mortality rate (17.6%), followed by high-voltage (5.3%) and low-voltage (2.8%) injuries.
    • Work-related high-voltage injuries were common among linemen and electricians, affecting young, working-age men.

    Conclusions:

    • High-voltage electrical injuries disproportionately affect young, working men, leading to substantial socioeconomic impact.
    • The occupational nature of these injuries complicates prevention efforts.
    • Electrical injuries remain a critical subgroup of trauma requiring specialized burn center management.