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Neurovirulence of mumps virus: intraspinal inoculation test in marmosets
Shizuko Saika1, Minoru Kidokoro, Atuko Aoki
1Chiba Prefectural Institute of Public Health, 666-2 Nitona-Cho, Chuo-Ku Chiba-City, Chiba 260-8715, Japan. s.sik@ma.pref.chiba.jp
Abstract:
An intraspinal inoculation test of mumps virus using marmosets was performed in order to develop a neurovirulence test of mumps vaccines. In the group inoculated with non-neurovirulent Jeryl Lynn vaccine strain at 10(2.0) pfu/dose, there were only minimal histopathological changes in 3 of the 5 marmosets. In contrast, all marmosets inoculated with neurovirulent Urabe and NK-M46 vaccine strains developed extensive encephalitis and meningitis. Thus, this marmoset model, which can distinguish between non-neurovirulent and neurovirulent vaccine strains, is useful for evaluating neurovirulence of vaccine strains and elucidating the molecular pathogenesis of mumps.
Insights
This study developed a marmoset model to test mumps vaccine neurovirulence. The model successfully distinguished between non-neurovirulent and neurovirulent mumps virus strains, aiding vaccine safety evaluation.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Vaccinology
- Neuropathology
Background:
- Mumps vaccines are crucial for preventing mumps virus infection.
- Assessing the neurovirulence of mumps vaccine strains is essential for ensuring vaccine safety.
- Current neurovirulence testing methods may require refinement.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a neurovirulence test for mumps vaccines using a marmoset model.
- To differentiate between neurovirulent and non-neurovirulent mumps vaccine strains.
- To investigate the pathogenesis of mumps virus in the central nervous system.
Main Methods:
- Intraspinal inoculation of mumps virus strains (Jeryl Lynn, Urabe, NK-M46) into marmosets.
- Histopathological examination of central nervous system tissues.
- Evaluation of clinical and pathological outcomes post-inoculation.
Main Results:
- Marmosets inoculated with the non-neurovirulent Jeryl Lynn strain showed minimal histopathological changes.
- Marmosets inoculated with neurovirulent Urabe and NK-M46 strains developed extensive encephalitis and meningitis.
- The marmoset model demonstrated clear differentiation between vaccine strains based on neurovirulence.
Conclusions:
- The marmoset model is effective for evaluating the neurovirulence of mumps vaccine strains.
- This model aids in understanding the molecular pathogenesis of mumps virus-induced neurological disease.
- The findings support the use of this model for ensuring mumps vaccine safety and efficacy.
