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Pectin and psyllium decrease the susceptibility of LDL to oxidation in guinea pigs.

M Vergara-Jimenez1, H Furr, M L Fernandez

  • 1Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
|November 13, 2004
PubMed
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Dietary pectin (PE) and psyllium (PSY) significantly reduced plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in guinea pigs. Soluble fibers also increased alpha-tocopherol in LDL and decreased its susceptibility to oxidation.

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Biochemistry
  • Cardiovascular Health

Background:

  • High-fat, high-sucrose diets can lead to hyperlipidemia.
  • Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation is a key factor in atherosclerosis.
  • Dietary fibers may influence lipid metabolism and oxidative stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of pectin (PE) and psyllium (PSY) on plasma lipid levels.
  • To determine the impact of PE and PSY on LDL alpha-tocopherol content and oxidation susceptibility.
  • To assess the influence of soluble fibers on hepatic lipid accumulation.

Main Methods:

  • Male Hartley guinea pigs were fed diets containing cellulose (control), PE, or PSY.
  • Diets were matched for fat and carbohydrate content, with high sucrose energy contribution.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Plasma lipids, LDL composition, LDL oxidation, and hepatic lipids were analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • PE and PSY significantly lowered plasma cholesterol (36-67%) and triacylglycerol (54%) compared to controls.
    • LDL from PE and PSY fed animals had higher alpha-tocopherol concentrations (49-66%) and reduced oxidation susceptibility.
    • Hepatic cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels were also reduced by PE and PSY intake.

    Conclusions:

    • Pectin and psyllium effectively reverse hyperlipidemia induced by high-fat, high-sucrose diets.
    • Soluble fibers like PE and PSY demonstrate a potential antioxidant effect on circulating LDL.
    • These findings highlight the cardioprotective potential of soluble fiber intake.