[The fibromyalgia syndrome].

Area of Science:

• Rheumatology
• Pain Medicine
• Psychiatry

Background:

• Fibromyalgia is a prevalent, chronic pain disorder defined by the American College of Rheumatology criteria.
• It presents with widespread pain at tender points, disturbed sleep, fatigue, and psychovegetative/psychic symptoms.
• High prevalence figures indicate a significant public health burden.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize the key aspects of Fibromyalgia Syndrome.
• To highlight the complexity of its diagnosis, symptoms, and underlying mechanisms.
• To discuss the challenges in therapeutic approaches.

Main Methods:

• Diagnosis based on American College of Rheumatology criteria.
• Clinical presentation analysis of symptoms.
• Review of epidemiological data.
• Exploration of etiopathogenesis through a multifactorial model.
• Consideration of neurobiological and psychosocial factors.

Main Results:

• Fibromyalgia is characterized by widespread pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbances.
• A multifactorial model is necessary to understand its etiopathogenesis.
• Central disturbances in stress coping and pain perception are implicated.
• Therapeutic approaches require individualization.

Conclusions:

• Fibromyalgia is a complex, chronic condition with a significant impact on patients.
• Understanding the multifactorial nature is crucial for management.
• Individualized, multimodal treatment strategies are necessary but yield moderate success.