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Object recognition versus object discrimination: comparison between human infants and infant monkeys.

W Overman1, J Bachevalier, M Turner

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina, Wilmington 28403-3297.

Behavioral Neuroscience
|February 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Human infants and adults learned tasks, with infants showing early discrimination skills but delayed nonmatching-to-sample (DNMS) learning. This supports a neurocognitive maturational model for both species.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Comparative Cognition

Background:

  • Understanding cognitive development in human infants is crucial.
  • Previous studies in infant monkeys suggest specific learning dissociations.
  • Nonverbal learning procedures offer a standardized method for cross-species comparison.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the learning capabilities of human infants (12-32 months) and adults on specific cognitive tasks.
  • To compare infant learning trajectories with adult performance and with previously observed patterns in infant monkeys.
  • To evaluate the neurocognitive maturational model using data from human and non-human primates.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized nonverbal delayed nonmatching-to-sample (DNMS) and discrimination tasks, adapted from primate research.

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  • Trained human infants (12-32 months) and adults on these tasks.
  • Assessed learning speed, training duration, and memory performance in relation to age.

    • Main Results:

    • Infants demonstrated rapid learning of discrimination tasks from 12 months old.
    • Infants required significant training and maturation to learn the DNMS task.
    • Adults learned all tasks quickly, while older adults showed age-related declines in memory post-DNMS training.
    • Infant learning dissociations mirrored those observed in infant monkeys.

    Conclusions:

    • Human infant cognitive development shows distinct maturational timelines for different learning tasks.
    • The findings support a neurocognitive maturational model applicable to both human and infant monkey development.
    • Early discrimination learning is achievable, but more complex tasks like DNMS mature later in development.