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Related Experiment Videos

Recent advances in detrusor muscle function.

C H Fry1, M Hussain, C McCarthy

  • 1The Institute of Urology and Nephrology, London, UK. c.fry@ucl.ac.uk

Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. Supplementum
|November 17, 2004
PubMed
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Detrusor smooth muscle contraction involves acetylcholine and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Calcium ions and spontaneous Ca2+ sparks play key roles, with gap junctions suggesting functional connectivity in bladder muscle.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Cell Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Detrusor smooth muscle contraction is triggered by nerve-released transmitters like acetylcholine and adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
  • ATP breakdown to adenosine modulates nerve-mediated contractions and detrusor muscle activity.
  • Intracellular calcium (Ca2+) dynamics are crucial for muscle contraction and store refilling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review cellular mechanisms linking transmitter release to detrusor smooth muscle contraction.
  • To explore the role of adenosine in modulating nerve-mediated contractions.
  • To investigate the origins of spontaneous detrusor contractions and the potential for functional syncytium.

Main Methods:

  • Review of cellular mechanisms involving transmitter release, ATP metabolism, and calcium signaling.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of adenosine's modulatory effects on nerve activity and muscle contraction.
  • Confocal microscopy to observe Ca2+ sparks and electron microscopy to identify gap junctions.

    • Main Results:

    • Adenosine depresses nerve-mediated contractions via A receptors and potentially direct muscle effects.
    • Intracellular Ca2+ stores release Ca2+ via IP receptor activation and Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release.
    • Ca2+ channel filling is regulated by intracellular Ca2+ levels via negative feedback.
    • Spontaneous Ca2+ sparks near the cell membrane may underlie spontaneous contractions.
    • Presence of gap junctions and connexin45 suggests detrusor smooth muscle may function as a syncytium.

    Conclusions:

    • Detrusor smooth muscle contraction is a complex process involving neurotransmitters, calcium dynamics, and potentially spontaneous events.
    • Adenosine acts as a key modulator of bladder contractility.
    • Evidence supports Ca2+ sparks as a source of spontaneous contractions and gap junctions for functional connectivity.