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Updated: Aug 20, 2026
A Novel Use of Three-dimensional High-frequency Ultrasonography for Early Pregnancy Characterization in the Mouse
Published on: October 24, 2017
Three-dimensional ultrasound to differentiate epigastric heteropagus conjoined twins from a TRAP sequence
Andrew P MacKenzie1, Courtney D Stephenson, Edmund F Funai
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. mackea02@med.nyu.edu
Abstract:
Twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence and epigastric heteropagus conjoined twins may appear similar antenatally. Three-dimensional ultrasound evaluated the relationship of a completely formed fetus and an adjacent second body consisting of a pelvis with 2 lower extremities, confirming the final diagnosis when two-dimensional ultrasound was unsuccessful. Three-dimensional ultrasound is useful in diagnosing epigastric heteropagus conjoined twins.
