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Work and mental health.

Kay Wilhelm1, Vivianne Kovess, Carmen Rios-Seidel

  • 1School of Psychiatry and Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia. kwilhelm@stvincents.com.au

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology
|November 19, 2004
PubMed
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This review examines occupational factors impacting mental health, identifying risks for stress, depression, and substance abuse. Future research should explore longitudinal studies and individual, interpersonal, and systemic influences on worker well-being.

Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health Psychology
  • Psychiatry
  • Sociology of Work

Background:

  • Previous research on occupation and mental health focused on disorders like stress, depression, suicide, and substance abuse.
  • Limited models exist to explain common factors across different occupations.
  • This study provides an overview of work and mental health research, suggesting future directions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize existing research on the relationship between occupation and mental health.
  • To identify specific occupational risk factors for various mental health disorders.
  • To propose future research avenues and models for understanding work-related mental health.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a comprehensive literature search across Medline, PsycInfo, Embase, and PubMed.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilized keywords such as "occupation" or "work" combined with terms related to mental health, risk factors, and specific disorders.
  • Included search terms for depression, suicide, trauma, stress, and substance use.

    • Main Results:

    • Workplace stressors, danger, and crisis exposure are linked to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), substance abuse, and depersonalization.
    • Lack of autonomy and demanding caregiving roles increase depression risk.
    • Alcohol abuse risk is higher in workplaces with alcohol availability and acceptance.
    • A bidirectional relationship exists between personality and occupational effects.

    Conclusions:

    • Mental health research in occupational settings is diverse, requiring tailored models.
    • Future research should prioritize longitudinal studies.
    • Consideration of worker-specific psychosocial and personality factors, interpersonal dynamics, and systemic influences (organizational, political, economic, leadership) is crucial.