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Related Experiment Videos

Extinction may not be forever.

L D Martin1, T J Meehan

  • 1Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, 1345 Jayhawk Blvd, Lawrence, KS 66045-7561, USA. ldmartin@ku.edu

Die Naturwissenschaften
|November 20, 2004
PubMed
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Convergent evolution, driven by natural selection, repeatedly shapes similar species (ecomorphs) across Earth's history. Iterative climatic cycles are proposed as the primary driver for these evolutionary patterns and extinctions.

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Paleontology
  • Climate Science

Background:

  • Convergent evolution, where unrelated organisms develop similar traits, is a key aspect of Darwinian evolution.
  • This phenomenon, though known, is often underappreciated in its frequency and impact.
  • Earth's history shows repeated patterns of extinction and re-evolution of adaptive types (ecomorphs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the phenomenon of ecomorph evolution.
  • To examine the hypothesis of iterative climatic cycles as a driver of evolutionary patterns.
  • To understand the link between climate change, evolution, and the biostratigraphic record.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on ecomorph evolution and convergent evolution.
  • Analysis of the biostratigraphic record for patterns of radiation and extinction.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Evaluation of climatic change as a mechanism for observed evolutionary patterns.

    • Main Results:

    • Natural selection can override genealogy, leading to similar morphologies in distantly related organisms.
    • Convergent evolution and the re-evolution of ecomorphs occur repeatedly in geologically short intervals.
    • Complex ecological systems evolve, go extinct, and repeat in temporal synchrony, bundling the biostratigraphic record.

    Conclusions:

    • Iterative climatic cycles are the most adequate mechanism to explain repeating faunas and floras.
    • Understanding these cycles can lead to predictive theories in biostratigraphy and evolutionary processes.
    • This research highlights the profound impact of climate change on long-term evolutionary trajectories.