Ectodermal odontogenic tumours: analysis of 197 Nigerian cases

Area of Science:

• Oral Pathology
• Oncology
• Odontogenic Tumors

Background:

• Odontogenic tumors represent a diverse group of neoplasms arising from odontogenic tissues.
• Understanding the epidemiology and clinicopathologic features of these tumors is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present a comprehensive clinico-pathologic analysis of ectodermal odontogenic tumors.
• To categorize tumors based on the World Health Organization (WHO) classification.
• To determine the prevalence, demographic predilections, and common histologic subtypes in a Nigerian population.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 197 archived cases of ectodermal odontogenic tumors.
• Tumor categorization using the WHO classification system.
• Data collection on patient demographics, tumor location, and histologic type.

Main Results:

• 182 (92.3%) benign and 15 (7.6%) malignant tumors were identified.
• Central ameloblastoma was the most common benign tumor (88.3%), predominantly affecting males and the mandible.
• Ameloblastic carcinoma was the most prevalent malignant tumor (5.6%), with a predilection for females and the mandible.
• Follicular ameloblastoma was the most frequent histologic subtype in Nigeria.

Conclusions:

• Ectodermal odontogenic tumors show a higher prevalence of benignancy in the studied Nigerian cohort.
• Central ameloblastoma and ameloblastic carcinoma are the most common benign and malignant types, respectively.
• Specific demographic and anatomic predilections are observed for these tumors in this population.