[Viral hepatitis as a traveler's disease]

At the present time, at least five different forms of viral hepatitis can be distinguished. The hepatitis A and E viruses are transmitted via a fecal-oral route, and are associated with poor hygiene. Hepatitis E is restricted to Central Africa, parts of Asia, and Central America. Hepatitis B, C and D are transmitted not via the fecal-oral route but, in the case of B and D mainly by sexual intercourse, and in the case of hepatitis C by infected blood products. Even after the introduction of interferon alpha, treatment possibilities are limited. Immune prophylaxis (hepatitis A and B) and general preventive measures are of considerable importance, not merely with respect to travelling.