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[Congenital sternal cleft].

J C de Agustín Asensio1, R Greco Martínez, N Sanz Villa

  • 1S. de Cirugía Pediátrica, Hospital Infantil Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid. juandeagustin@mac.com

Cirugia Pediatrica : Organo Oficial De La Sociedad Espanola De Cirugia Pediatrica
|November 24, 2004
PubMed
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Congenital sternal clefts are rare, with this study detailing five new cases. Excluding xiphoid clefts, survival is 100%, though associated defects are common.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Congenital Malformations
  • Thoracic Wall Defects

Background:

  • Congenital sternal cleft is a rare birth defect, with limited published cases.
  • This study presents five new cases, illustrating the full spectrum of sternal cleft defects.

Observation:

  • The cases included two supraxiphoid clefts (SC), two gladiolar defects, and one xiphoid cleft.
  • Demographics, associated anomalies, treatments, and outcomes were evaluated.
  • SC were not linked to congenital heart defects but to other malformations like cervical webs and CNS anomalies.

Findings:

  • Supraxiphoid clefts in females were surgically repaired with good outcomes, despite complications like superior vena cava syndrome and pectus excavatum.
  • Gladiolar clefts were repaired during congenital heart defect surgery.

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  • The xiphoid cleft case, associated with Cantrell pentalogy, was fatal due to prematurity and pulmonary hypertension.
  • Implications:

    • Different sternal cleft types have unique presentations, associated defects, and evolutionary patterns, likely due to distinct embryonic origins.
    • Excluding xiphoid clefts, sternal clefts have a 100% long-term survival rate.
    • Surgical management and outcomes vary based on cleft type and associated anomalies.