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[Halitosis--Part 1: epidemiology and pathogenesis].

Björn Lang1, Andreas Filippi

  • 1Klinik für Zahnärztliche Chirurgie, -Radiologie, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde, Zentrum für Zahnmedizin, Universität Basel.

Schweizer Monatsschrift Fur Zahnmedizin = Revue Mensuelle Suisse D'Odonto-Stomatologie = Rivista Mensile Svizzera Di Odontologia E Stomatologia
|November 24, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Halitosis, or bad breath, affects many people and stems from various oral and non-oral causes. Bacterial decomposition, producing volatile sulfur compounds, is the primary driver of halitosis and damages oral tissues.

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Periodontology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Halitosis (bad breath) is a common condition with historical documentation.
  • Causes are multifactorial, encompassing both oral and non-oral origins.
  • Bacterial activity is a key factor in halitosis development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of halitosis etiology.
  • To highlight the role of bacterial decomposition and volatile sulfur compounds.
  • To discuss the impact of halitosis on oral health.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epidemiological data on halitosis.
  • Analysis of oral and non-oral contributing factors.
  • Examination of the biochemical processes involved in halitosis.

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Main Results:

  • Oral causes include tongue coating and marginal periodontitis.
  • Non-oral causes range from ENT disorders to gastrointestinal issues, smoking, and diet.
  • Psychosomatic factors significantly influence halitosis.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial decomposition is the primary mechanism leading to halitosis.
  • Volatile sulfur compounds produced by bacteria increase oral mucosa permeability and damage periodontal tissues.
  • Understanding the diverse causes is crucial for effective halitosis management.