Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Worker exposure standard for phosphine gas.

Bill Pepelko1, Joel Seckar, Paul R Harp

  • 1Sciences International, Inc., Alexandria, VA 22134-2802, USA.

Risk Analysis : an Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis
|November 26, 2004
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Effect of high-pressure homogenisation on the behaviour of oleosomes and milk fat globules at an air-water interface.

Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft + [i.e. und] Technologie. Food science + technology. Science + technologie alimentaire·2026
Same author

Experience from an HTS campaign: Investigation of susceptibility and rescue of SARS-CoV-2 nsp3 protease assay from metal contamination.

SLAS technology·2026
Same author

SAMP-Score: a morphology-based machine learning classification method for screening pro-senescence compounds in p16 positive cancer cells.

Aging·2025
Same author

AI and IoT-Driven Monitoring and Visualisation for Optimising MSP Operations in Multi-Tenant Networks: A Modular Approach Using Sensor Data Integration.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Direct measurement of two-photon absorption and refraction properties of SZ2080<sup>TM</sup>-based resists at 515 nm: insights into 3D printing.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2025
Same author

Small molecule inhibitors of the NorA multidrug efflux pump potentiate antibiotic activity by binding the outward-open conformation.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025

This study determined safe phosphine exposure levels for workers. The evidence supports an occupational 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA) of 0.3 ppm and a 15-minute short-term exposure limit (STEL) of 1 ppm for adequate health protection.

Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Environmental Toxicology
  • Risk Assessment

Background:

  • The 1998 U.S. EPA Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) re-registration eligibility decision (RED) for phosphine fumigants highlighted the need for safe exposure limits.
  • Worker and bystander safety are paramount in environments utilizing phosphine fumigants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review phosphine toxicity literature, including animal and human studies.
  • To conduct a margin-of-exposure (MOE) analysis using worker exposure data.
  • To estimate safe occupational exposure limits for phosphine.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of animal inhalation and human epidemiology studies on phosphine toxicity.
  • Margin-of-exposure (MOE) analysis based on worker exposure data.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Estimation of safe occupational exposure limits using OPP assumptions and uncertainty factors.

    • Main Results:

    • A conservative 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA) of 0.1 ppm was calculated.
    • The weight of evidence supports an occupational TWA of 0.3 ppm for adequate health protection.
    • A 15-minute short-term exposure limit (STEL) of 3 ppm was estimated, with a final recommendation of 1 ppm STEL.

    Conclusions:

    • The current MOE analysis suggests fumigation workers are not exposed to unacceptable phosphine levels.
    • Occupational exposure limits of 0.3 ppm (8-hour TWA) and 1 ppm (STEL) are supported.
    • These findings align with updated applicator manual limits approved by the OPP.