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Related Experiment Videos

Noninvasive fluid flow measurements in microfluidic channels with backscatter interferometry.

Dmitry A Markov1, Stephen Dotson, Scott Wood

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.

Electrophoresis
|November 27, 2004
PubMed
Summary

This study demonstrates noninvasive, on-chip fluid velocity measurement using backscattering interferometry. The method accurately quantifies flow rates in microfluidic systems, crucial for micro-HPLC and precise fluid handling.

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Microfluidics and nanofluidics·2025

Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics and Nanotechnology
  • Optical Measurement Techniques
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Accurate fluid velocity measurement in microfluidic devices is essential for applications like micro-HPLC and precise fluidic control.
  • Existing methods often lack noninvasive capabilities or the required sensitivity for picoliter volumes.
  • Realizing the full potential of microfluidics necessitates on-chip, nonintrusive flow quantification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present proof-of-principle experiments for nonintrusive, on-chip fluid flow measurements.
  • To demonstrate the efficacy of a pump-and-probe configuration utilizing backscattering interferometry.
  • To establish a method for quantifying fluid velocity in microchannels.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an on-chip interferometric backscatter detector (OCIBD) with a fiber-coupled HeNe laser.

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  • Employed an infrared laser and mechanical shutter to induce localized heating and refractive index (RI) changes.
  • Quantified fluid velocity by analyzing phase differences in the Fourier domain between the heating pulse and the OCIBD signal.

    • Main Results:

    • Successfully demonstrated nonintrusive fluid velocity measurements on-chip.
    • Achieved flow rate measurements in the range of 3-6 microL/h.
    • Determined a 3-sigma detection limit of 0.127 nL/s.
    • Calibrated the system's RI response using temperature variations and glycerol solutions.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed backscattering interferometry technique enables accurate, noninvasive fluid velocity measurements within microfluidic channels.
    • This method is suitable for applications requiring precise flow quantification in microfluidic systems.
    • The OCIBD system offers high sensitivity and potential for integration into micro-total analysis systems.