Science review: quantitative acid-base physiology using the Stewart model

Area of Science:

• Critical Care Medicine
• Physiology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Acid-base disorders are common in critically ill patients.
• Quantifying acid-base balance is crucial for patient management.
• Traditional methods may not fully capture the complexity of acid-base status.

Purpose of the Study:

• To discuss the Stewart model for acid-base assessment.
• To explore its origin and relationship to other methods.
• To highlight its utility in intensive care settings.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and conceptual discussion of the Stewart model.
• Comparison with the base excess approach.
• Analysis of information provided by the Stewart model.

Main Results:

• The Stewart model offers a physicochemical approach to acid-base balance.
• It provides a more comprehensive assessment than traditional methods.
• Its application aids in understanding complex acid-base disorders.

Conclusions:

• The Stewart model is a valuable tool for quantifying acid-base disorders in intensive care.
• It enhances the assessment and treatment of critically ill patients.
• Renewed interest reflects its growing importance in clinical practice.