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IgG subclass response to human parvovirus B19 infection
R Franssila1, M Söderlund, C S Brown
1Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, P.O. Box 21, FIN-00014, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Clinical and Diagnostic Virology
|June 1, 1996
Summary
Measuring IgG subclasses against human parvovirus B19 proteins helps diagnose recent infections. Specific ratios of IgG3 and IgG4 antibodies to VP1 protein offer a highly accurate diagnostic test.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Diagnostic Medicine
Background:
- Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies are crucial for immunity against human parvovirus B19.
- These antibodies neutralize the virus in various infection models.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the levels and timing of IgG subclass responses to human parvovirus B19 structural proteins (VP1 and VP2).
Main Methods:
- Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) quantified IgG subclasses against VP1 and VP2.
- Analyzed samples from acutely, convalescent, remotely infected, and non-infected individuals.
Main Results:
- IgG1 was the predominant subclass in all seropositive groups.
- IgG3 correlated with acute infection, while IgG4 appeared later and specifically targeted VP1.
- A ratio of VP1-specific IgG3 to IgG4 achieved 97% sensitivity and 98% specificity for recent infection.
Conclusions:
- Comparative analysis of VP1-specific IgG3 and IgG4 is a valuable diagnostic tool.
- The presence of IgG4 suggests sustained immune activity of VP1 and T-helper 2 cell involvement.