Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 20, 2026

Echocardiographic Approaches and Protocols for Comprehensive Phenotypic Characterization of Valvular Heart Disease in Mice
Published on: February 14, 2017
Early detection by the Tei index of carvedilol-induced improved left ventricular function in patients with heart
Altin Palloshi1, Gabriele Fragasso, Carmen Silipigni
1Department of Clinical Cardiology, Heart Failure Clinic, Central Laboratory Division, Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele/Vita e Salute University, Milan, Italy. altin_p@hotmail.com
Abstract:
Twenty-two patients (19 men) with heart failure (16 ischemic, 6 dilated cardiomyopathy; mean age of 67 +/- 6 years) in New York Heart Association classes I (2 patients), II (18 patients), and III (2 patients) under optimal therapy were strictly monitored after carvedilol supplementation. The Tei index decreased significantly from 0.87 +/- 0.17 to 0.53 +/- 0.29 (p <0.03). Conversely, the ejection fraction and transmitral Doppler flow analysis did not show significant improvement, despite a trend toward the amelioration of the ejection fraction, the E-/A-wave ratio, and atrial contribution. The Tei index could represent an earlier marker to evaluate drug-induced left ventricular function improvement in patients with heart failure and could represent a more sensitive tool to monitor left ventricular function during drug interventions.
Related Concept Videos
Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation
Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System I:Echocardiography
Indications: Echocardiography is utilized to diagnose heart failure, valve disorders, and myocardial infarction. It also assesses cardiac structures' size, shape, and motion, evaluates...
Heart Failure V: Medical Management
Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests