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Should we be concerned about diphtheria in the UK?
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Raigmore Hospital, Inverness, Scotland, IV2 3UJ, UK.
Summary
Diphtheria, though rare due to immunisation, shows a recent increase in cases in England and Wales. This case highlights its common presentation as tonsillitis and potential for severe airway obstruction.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Diphtheria (Corynebacterium diphtheriae) is a vaccine-preventable bacterial infection.
- Widespread immunization has made diphtheria rare in developed countries.
- Recent studies indicate a potential resurgence of diphtheria cases in England and Wales.
Observation:
- A case presenting with sore throat and tonsillitis, a common manifestation of diphtheria.
- The potential for diphtheria to cause life-threatening upper airway obstruction was observed.
- This case highlights the importance of considering diphtheria in clinical practice.
Findings:
- The study details a case of diphtheria presenting primarily as tonsillitis.
- The case underscores the critical risk of airway compromise associated with diphtheria.
- Awareness of diphtheria's varied presentations is crucial for timely diagnosis and management.
Implications:
- Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for diphtheria, even in immunized populations.
- Increased vigilance is necessary due to the potential for rising diphtheria incidence.
- Prompt recognition and intervention are vital to prevent severe complications like airway obstruction.