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Updated: Aug 20, 2026

Induction and Clinical Scoring of Chronic-Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
26:48

Induction and Clinical Scoring of Chronic-Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: July 4, 2007

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis

Rajesh Balu1, Preeti Shanbag, Vaishali More

  • 1Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), Department of Pediatrics, Lokmanya Tilak Medical College & General Hospital, Sion, Mumbai, India.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|December 2, 2004
PubMed

Insights

Early high-dose corticosteroids effectively treated acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) in children, leading to full recovery without relapses. This study highlights ADEM

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Neuroimmunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a rare, immune-mediated demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system.
  • ADEM often follows an infection or vaccination, presenting with diverse neurological symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical and radiological features of ADEM in children.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of early high-dose corticosteroid treatment in pediatric ADEM.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series of 6 children diagnosed with ADEM based on clinical and MRI findings.
  • Review of presenting symptoms, neurological examination, brain MRI characteristics, preceding infections, treatment, and clinical outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Common symptoms included fever, disturbed consciousness, cranial nerve palsies, and pyramidal signs.
  • Brain MRI revealed bilateral, asymmetrical white matter lesions in T2-weighted images.
  • Three out of six children had a preceding infection; all received early high-dose corticosteroids and recovered fully with no relapses during follow-up (10 months to 2 years).

Conclusions:

  • Early high-dose corticosteroid therapy appears to be an effective treatment for pediatric ADEM.
  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial for favorable outcomes in ADEM.

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