[Prevention and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting (results of a multicenter study)]

Described in the paper are the results of a multicenter study that was conducted at 11 health-care facilities of the Russian Federation and that was based on an analysis of 623 medical records of adult patients operated on with general anesthesia of different variations. There were 154 (24.7%) males and 469 (75.3%) females, aged 16 to 90. The study denoted the need in and possibility of preventing and arresting the PONV; it also outlined those forms of ondansetron (Zofran) that can be used for the purpose, they are: parenteral and lingual pills and rectal suppositories. An assumption was put forward on the significance of PONV conductive factors and on the most effective forms of ondansetron from among the mentioned above. An understanding, resulting from the study, on that PONV is of the multietiology nature and on that its probability increases in proportion to a compatibility of provoking factors, like sex, surgery technique as well as duration of anesthesia and its variation is of importance. The efficiency of medicamental prevention of PONV by a blocker of HT3-receptors, i.e. by ondansetron (Zofran), is to a great extent predetermined by that if the form and, probably, dose of the drug is in line with a combination of the above factors, which needs further research.