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A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
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[Acute renal failure in critically-ill children. A preliminary study]

A Medina Villanueva1, J López-Herce Cid, Y López Fernández

  • 1Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos (UCIP), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. josealberto.medina@sespa.princast.es

Anales De Pediatria (Barcelona, Spain : 2003)
|December 3, 2004
PubMed

Insights

Acute renal failure (ARF) in critically-ill children is uncommon but leads to high mortality and prolonged pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) stays. Mortality is primarily due to multiple organ failure, not the renal condition itself.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Epidemiology of critical illness

Context:

  • Acute renal failure (ARF) presents a significant challenge in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs).
  • Understanding ARF characteristics in critically-ill children is crucial for improving outcomes.
  • This study analyzes ARF in a pediatric population, excluding premature neonates.

Purpose:

  • To analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of acute renal failure (ARF) in critically-ill children.
  • To establish a foundation for a multicenter study protocol for ARF in this population.

Summary:

  • A prospective study in four PICUs identified 16 ARF episodes in 14 children (2.5% of PICU patients).
  • Common causes included nephro-urological and heart diseases, with hypovolemia and hypotension as key risk factors.
  • High rates of medical complications (94%) and organ dysfunction (81%) were observed, leading to prolonged PICU stays and significant mortality (36%).

Impact:

  • Acute renal failure in critically-ill children, though infrequent, is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality.
  • The findings highlight that mortality in these cases is predominantly driven by multiple organ failure rather than the renal failure itself.
  • This research informs the development of targeted interventions and multicenter study protocols for pediatric ARF.
Abstract

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