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New method for time-resolved diesel engine exhaust particle mass measurement
1Laboratory for Internal Combustion Engines, EMPA (Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research), CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland. Urs.Lehmann@empa.ch
Environmental Science & Technology
|December 4, 2004
Summary
The Dekati mass monitor (DMM) offers real-time, second-by-second engine exhaust mass concentration data. This new instrument shows comparable results to standard methods, proving adequate for heavy-duty engine emission testing.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Engineering
- Mechanical Engineering
- Analytical Chemistry
Background:
- Traditional gravimetric filter methods are standard for engine exhaust mass concentration but lack real-time data.
- Newer instruments like the Dekati mass monitor (DMM) offer potential for second-by-second measurements.
- Heavy-duty engines require accurate and timely emission monitoring for regulatory compliance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the practical performance of the Dekati mass monitor (DMM) for real-time engine exhaust mass concentration measurement.
- To compare DMM performance against the standard gravimetric filter method and other particle measurement systems.
- To assess the DMM's ability to capture transient engine test cycles and its response times.
Main Methods:
- Real-time mass concentration measurement using the Dekati mass monitor (DMM).
- Comparison with the standard gravimetric filter method using Teflon-coated glass fiber filters.
- Correlation analysis with the electrical low-pressure impactor (ELPI) and other particle measurement systems.
- Testing on a dynamic engine test bench with two Euro III compliant heavy-duty engines under various transient and steady-state conditions.
Main Results:
- The DMM provided second-by-second mass concentration data, effectively following transient test cycles.
- Total mass concentration measured by DMM was approximately 20% higher than the gravimetric method.
- DMM showed excellent correlation (R² = 0.95) with particulate mass, demonstrating good linearity and repeatability.
- The instrument exhibited fast and stable response times to changes in exhaust concentration.
Conclusions:
- The Dekati mass monitor (DMM) is an adequate instrument for measuring engine exhaust mass concentration in real-time.
- DMM results are comparable to the standard gravimetric filter method, with the advantage of providing second-by-second data during transient cycles.
- The DMM's ability to capture dynamic emission changes makes it a valuable tool for engine testing and development.