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Craniomandibular disorders and masticatory muscle function.

M Bakke1, E Möller

  • 1Department of Oral Function and Physiology, School of Dentistry, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research
|February 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Craniomandibular disorders involve orofacial pain and jaw dysfunction, affecting muscles and joints. Dental occlusion significantly influences masticatory muscle fatigue and pain, impacting jaw function.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Science
  • Dental Science
  • Musculoskeletal Science

Background:

  • Craniomandibular disorders (CMD) encompass conditions causing orofacial pain and impaired mandibular function, frequently involving masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joints.
  • Prevalence rates for severe CMD requiring treatment are 1-2% in children, 5% in adolescents, and 5-15% in adults, with higher incidence in women.
  • Masticatory muscles share physiological and ergonomic similarities with other skeletal muscles, making them susceptible to disorders from prolonged static or high-level isometric contractions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the link between dental occlusion and the development of masticatory muscle disorders.
  • To understand how occlusal factors influence muscle fatigue, discomfort, and pain.
  • To investigate the impact of changes in occlusal surfaces on masticatory muscle performance and function.

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Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of masticatory muscles with other skeletal muscles (shoulder, neck, lower back) regarding physiology and ergonomics.
  • Examination of pathogenic mechanisms, symptoms, and signs of muscular disorders related to contraction types.
  • Assessment of occlusal factors influencing masticatory muscle performance and the development of pain.

Main Results:

  • Masticatory muscles are susceptible to fatigue, discomfort, and pain due to prolonged static or intermittent isometric contractions, similar to other skeletal muscles.
  • Occlusal factors directly influence masticatory muscle performance, linking muscle fatigue and pain to dental occlusion.
  • Alterations in occlusal surfaces, including those from dental treatments, can negatively affect masticatory muscle performance and local function.

Conclusions:

  • Craniomandibular disorders are multifactorial, with significant contributions from masticatory muscle dysfunction.
  • Dental occlusion plays a crucial role in the etiology and management of masticatory muscle pain and fatigue.
  • Understanding the interplay between occlusion and muscle function is vital for addressing craniomandibular disorders effectively.