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Pulmonary involvement in inflammatory bowel disease.

Maurizio Marvisi1, Emanuele Bassi, Giuseppe Civardi

  • 1Division of Internal Medicine, Pneumology Unit, Fiorenzuola d'Arda Hospital, Fiorenzuola (Piacenza), Italy. mmarvis@aliceposta.it

Current Drug Targets. Inflammation and Allergy
|December 9, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can affect the lungs, causing bronchial inflammation and sometimes tracheal obstruction. Steroids are effective for most patients with IBD-related lung issues.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Systemic Inflammatory Diseases

Background:

  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a systemic condition with potential extraintestinal manifestations.
  • Pulmonary involvement in IBD is increasingly recognized, affecting airways and lung parenchyma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the spectrum of pulmonary manifestations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
  • To highlight diagnostic findings and treatment responses for lung involvement in IBD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations of lung involvement in IBD patients.
  • Analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage findings and imaging characteristics.
  • Evaluation of treatment outcomes, particularly steroid efficacy.

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Main Results:

  • Bronchial inflammation and suppuration, with or without bronchiectasis, are common.
  • Tracheal inflammation and obstruction, and small airway disease (including bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia) can occur.
  • Bronchoalveolar lavage often shows increased neutrophils; steroids are effective in most cases, but response can be equivocal in some small airway diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Pulmonary involvement is a significant extraintestinal manifestation of IBD.
  • Early recognition and appropriate management of lung complications in IBD are crucial.
  • Latent pulmonary involvement, indicated by reduced lung function, warrants further investigation.