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Related Concept Videos

Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry01:12

Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry

Higher molecular weight biomolecules are nonvolatile compounds that may decompose before ionizing or vaporizing during mass analysis with conventional electron impact ionization methods. Accordingly, electrospray ionization (ESI) is the favored method for vaporizing and ionizing biomolecules as it circumvents rapid fragmentation and enables the recording of mass signals for the entire biomolecule.
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Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
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Electrogravimetric analysis measures the weight of an analyte deposited electrolytically onto a suitable working electrode. This method involves applying a potential to a pre-weighed electrode submerged in a solution, which results in the desired substance being deposited through reduction at the cathode or oxidation at the anode. The electrode's weight is recorded after deposition, and the difference in weight gives the analyte's weight in the solution.
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An unknown compound can be established by identifying the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum. The molecular ion peak is often weak or absent due to the predominance of fragmentation in high-energy electron beams. In such cases, a soft-energy electron beam can be used to scan the spectrum to enhance the intensity of the molecular ion peak. Additionally, chemical ionization, field ionization, and desorption ionization spectra are used to obtain a relatively intense molecular ion peak.To...
Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
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Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
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Updated: May 13, 2026

Imaging of Biological Tissues by Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
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Published on: July 12, 2013

Differential electrochemical mass spectrometry.

Helmut Baltruschat1

  • 1Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Romerstrasse 164, D-53117 Bonn, Germany. baltruschat@uni-bonn.de

Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
|December 14, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) offers high sensitivity for characterizing electrode surface adsorbates. This technique identifies reaction products and adsorbates through desorption, enabling detailed surface analysis.

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Analysis of Complex Molecules and Their Reactions on Surfaces by Means of Cluster-Induced Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry
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Analysis of Complex Molecules and Their Reactions on Surfaces by Means of Cluster-Induced Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Published on: March 1, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Surface Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) is a sensitive technique for analyzing electrochemical reactions.
  • Characterizing submonolayer adsorbates on electrode surfaces is crucial for understanding catalytic processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the capabilities of DEMS for identifying faradaic reaction products and intermediates.
  • To demonstrate DEMS for characterizing submonolayer adsorbates on various electrode surfaces.
  • To present different electrochemical cell designs interfaced with mass spectrometers for DEMS.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing DEMS to detect CO(2) from the oxidation of carbonaceous species.
  • Inducing adsorbate desorption at specific potentials, either directly or via hydrogenation.
  • Employing adsorbate displacement for nonreactive desorption and further characterization.
  • Interfacing electrochemical cells with mass spectrometers using porous Teflon membranes.

Main Results:

  • DEMS can quantitatively detect CO(2) from oxidized carbonaceous species.
  • Adsorbates can be characterized by their desorption products (as such or hydrogenated).
  • Adsorbate displacement offers an alternative method for characterization.
  • Various cell designs facilitate effective interfacing for DEMS analysis.

Conclusions:

  • DEMS is a versatile and highly sensitive tool for in-situ analysis of electrochemical reactions and surface adsorbates.
  • The technique allows for direct and indirect characterization of surface species.
  • Different cell configurations provide flexibility for specific analytical needs in electrochemistry.