Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Drug Elimination by Renal Route: Tubular Reabsorption

Drug Elimination by Renal Route: Tubular Reabsorption

During the process of renal excretion, as the glomerular filtrate progresses to the distal convoluted tubule (DCT), drugs that are highly permeable, lipophilic, and nonionized undergo passive reabsorption from the tubular fluid into the surrounding peritubular capillaries. This reabsorption process restricts their elimination through the kidneys. However, the majority of drugs are either weak acids or weak bases, and their ionization level is dependent on pH. By altering the pH of urine, the...

Introduction to Urinary System

Introduction to Urinary System

The urinary system consists of two kidneys, two ureters, the urinary bladder, and the urethra.
The kidneys are bean-shaped organs located in the retroperitoneal space, on either side of the vertebral column, between the T12 and L3 vertebrae. They are partially protected by the rib cage and surrounded by perirenal fat, which provides cushioning. They are responsible for urine formation and play critical roles in regulating blood pressure, electrolyte levels, and hormone production. The ureters...

Renal Tubule and Collecting Duct

Renal Tubule and Collecting Duct

The renal tubule is divided into three parts: the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), the Loop of Henle (LOH), and the distal convoluted tubule (DCT).
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT):
The PCT is the initial segment of the renal tubule, extending from the Bowman's capsule that encloses the glomerulus. Its convoluted structure and microvilli-lined cells increase the surface area for reabsorption. The PCT reabsorbs glucose, amino acids, sodium, and water from the filtrate, ensuring essential...

Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion

Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion

Tubular secretion and reabsorption are two critical processes in the nephron tubule of the kidneys. When the fluid filtered from the glomerulus enters the proximal convoluted tubule, it is referred to as filtrate, and its composition changes due to tubular reabsorption and secretion.
Tubular reabsorption is a selective process that starts when the filtrate enters the proximal tubules. It involves substances traveling through the transcellular route (through the tubule cell and peritubular...

Renal Regulation of Acid-Base Balance

Renal Regulation of Acid-Base Balance

Metabolic reactions in the body produce nonvolatile acids, such as sulfuric acid, which generate an acid load of approximately 1 mEq of H+ per kilogram of body weight daily. Excreting H+ in the urine is essential to balance this acid load.
In the kidneys, cells within the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) and the collecting ducts secrete hydrogen ions (H+) into the tubular fluid. Specifically, in the PCT, Na+/H+ antiporters secrete H+ while reabsorbing Na+.
However, the intercalated cells in...

Renal Drug Excretion: Tubular Secretion

Renal Drug Excretion: Tubular Secretion

Active tubular secretion is a robust, energy-demanding process that utilizes carrier systems to transport drugs into renal tubules. The active renal secretion systems include the organic anion transporter (OAT) for weak acids and the organic cation transporter (OCT) for weak bases. Structurally similar drugs can compete for the same transporter, potentially leading to drug accumulation and toxicity. However, this principle can be exploited therapeutically. One example is probenecid (Probalan),...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

A Case Report of Kidney-Only Transplantation in Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 1: A Novel Approach with the Use of Nedosiran.

Case reports in nephrology and dialysis·2023

Same author

Transient Hyperkalemia Following Treatment of Chronic Hypokalemia: A Case Report and Review of Distal Tubule Physiology.

Case reports in nephrology and dialysis·2022

Same author

IFN-gamma regulation of vacuolar pH, cathepsin D processing and autophagy in mammary epithelial cells.

Journal of cellular biochemistry·2008

Same author

Physical interaction between aldolase and vacuolar H+-ATPase is essential for the assembly and activity of the proton pump.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2007

Same author

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-mediated effects of glucose on vacuolar H+-ATPase assembly, translocation, and acidification of intracellular compartments in renal epithelial cells.

Molecular and cellular biology·2005

Same author

The glycolytic enzyme aldolase mediates assembly, expression, and activity of vacuolar H+-ATPase.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2003

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Cytosolic Calcium Measurements in Renal Epithelial Cells by Flow Cytometry

Cytosolic Calcium Measurements in Renal Epithelial Cells by Flow Cytometry

Published on: October 28, 2014

Acid sensing in renal epithelial cells.

Stephen L Gluck¹

¹Division of Nephrology, UCSF, 513 Parnassus Avenue, Box 0532, San Francisco, California 94143-0532, USA. glucks1@medicine.ucsf.edu

The Journal of Clinical Investigation

|December 16, 2004

Summary

Proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) is crucial for kidney acid sensing by activating c-Src. This discovery highlights Pyk2

Area of Science:

Nephrology
Molecular Biology
Physiology

Background:

The kidney precisely regulates acid-base balance by adjusting net acid excretion.
Acid sensing in the kidney involves the proto-oncogene c-Src pathway.
The precise molecular mechanisms of renal acid sensing require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify the specific kinase responsible for acid-induced c-Src activation in renal epithelial cells.
To determine the role of proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) in renal acid-base homeostasis.
To explore the broader implications of Pyk2 in systemic acid-base balance.

Main Methods:

Investigated acid-induced signaling pathways in renal epithelial cells.
Utilized molecular biology techniques to examine protein activation and interactions.

More Related Videos

Use of Enzymatic Biosensors to Quantify Endogenous ATP or H2O2 in the Kidney

Use of Enzymatic Biosensors to Quantify Endogenous ATP or H₂O₂ in the Kidney

Published on: October 12, 2015

Isolation, Characterization, And High Throughput Extracellular Flux Analysis of Mouse Primary Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells

Isolation, Characterization, And High Throughput Extracellular Flux Analysis of Mouse Primary Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells

Published on: June 20, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Cytosolic Calcium Measurements in Renal Epithelial Cells by Flow Cytometry

Cytosolic Calcium Measurements in Renal Epithelial Cells by Flow Cytometry

Published on: October 28, 2014

Use of Enzymatic Biosensors to Quantify Endogenous ATP or H2O2 in the Kidney

Use of Enzymatic Biosensors to Quantify Endogenous ATP or H₂O₂ in the Kidney

Published on: October 12, 2015

Isolation, Characterization, And High Throughput Extracellular Flux Analysis of Mouse Primary Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells

Isolation, Characterization, And High Throughput Extracellular Flux Analysis of Mouse Primary Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells

Published on: June 20, 2018

Assessed the functional role of Pyk2 in cellular acid-base sensing mechanisms.

Main Results:

Proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) mediates acid-induced activation of c-Src.
Pyk2 is essential for acid sensing in renal epithelial cells.
Pyk2 plays a critical role in regulating net acid excretion.

Conclusions:

Pyk2 is a key component of the acid-sensing pathway in the kidney.
Pyk2 activation of c-Src is vital for maintaining acid-base homeostasis.
Pyk2 may have broader roles in acid-base balance in other tissues, including bone.