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Bose-Einstein condensation and the glassy state.

Moshe Schwartz1

  • 1School of Physics and Astronomy, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.

Physical Review Letters
|December 17, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Researchers propose a new equilibrium measure to distinguish between classical glasses and liquids. This measure, based on particle permutation symmetry, is finite in liquids and zero in glasses, quantifying "glassiness".

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Statistical mechanics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Distinguishing between classical glasses and liquids is challenging due to their shared disordered nature.
  • The key difference lies in the frozen state of glasses versus the non-frozen state of liquids.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel equilibrium measure that reliably differentiates between classical glasses and liquids.
  • To establish a quantitative method for assessing the degree of 'glassiness' in liquid states.

Main Methods:

  • Generalizing the quantum mechanical concept of Bose-Einstein condensate fraction to classical systems.
  • Utilizing particle permutation symmetry as a physically relevant indicator for non-frozen systems.

Main Results:

  • The proposed measure, analogous to the Bose condensed fraction, is finite in liquids and zero in the frozen state (glass).
  • This finite value in liquids directly correlates with and quantifies the degree of 'glassiness'.

Conclusions:

  • The generalized Bose condensed fraction provides a clear distinction between classical liquids and glasses.
  • This measure offers a new pathway to understand and quantify the properties of glassy materials.

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