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CP violation from five-dimensional QED.

Bohdan Grzadkowski1, José Wudka

  • 1Institute of Theoretical Physics, Warsaw University Hoza 69, PL-00-681 Warsaw, Poland. bohdan.grazadkowski@fuw.edu.pl

Physical Review Letters
|December 17, 2004
PubMed
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Quantum electrodynamics (QED) in 5D spacetime is a CP violating theory. This CP violation can be explicit or spontaneous, depending on fermionic boundary conditions, with implications for particle physics.

Area of Science:

  • Theoretical Physics
  • Quantum Field Theory
  • Particle Physics

Background:

  • Quantum electrodynamics (QED) in higher dimensions presents unique phenomena.
  • Compactification of extra dimensions is a key concept in string theory and Kaluza-Klein theories.
  • CP symmetry violation is a crucial aspect of the Standard Model and beyond.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the CP violating nature of QED in (1+4)-dimensional spacetime.
  • To explore the mechanisms of explicit and spontaneous CP violation in this context.
  • To analyze the phenomenological consequences, such as electric dipole moments.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of QED in (1+4)-dimensional spacetime with a compactified fifth dimension.
  • Application of the Scherk-Schwarz mechanism for explicit CP violation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Application of the Hosotani mechanism for spontaneous CP violation.
  • One-loop level calculations for gauge field vacuum expectation values.
  • Calculation of electric dipole moments for fermionic zero modes.

    • Main Results:

    • QED in (1+4)-D spacetime is generally a CP violating theory.
    • CP violation can be explicit via Scherk-Schwarz or spontaneous via Hosotani mechanisms.
    • A non-zero vacuum expectation value for the fifth gauge field component arises at one-loop.
    • Spontaneous CP violation occurs with CP symmetric boundary conditions and two fermionic fields.
    • The electric dipole moment for fermionic zero modes is calculated.

    Conclusions:

    • The compactified fifth dimension in QED naturally leads to CP violation.
    • The specific mechanism of CP violation depends on fermionic boundary conditions.
    • The calculated electric dipole moments offer potential phenomenological tests of the theory.