Barrett esophagus: update for radiologists

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Oncology
• Radiology

Background:

• Barrett esophagus involves columnar metaplasia in the lower esophagus, linked to chronic gastroesophageal reflux.
• It signifies an elevated risk for esophageal adenocarcinoma progression through dysplasia.
• Recent advancements have refined understanding and diagnostic criteria.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present updated concepts regarding Barrett esophagus.
• To provide radiologists with current diagnostic frameworks.
• To highlight the significance of new classifications.

Main Methods:

• Review of recent scientific literature and histopathologic criteria.
• Analysis of revised classification systems for Barrett esophagus.
• Focus on the distinction between short-segment and long-segment disease.

Main Results:

• Revised histopathologic criteria for Barrett esophagus have been established.
• Classification now includes 'short-segment' and 'long-segment' disease based on metaplasia extent.
• This distinction influences risk assessment for esophageal adenocarcinoma and surveillance strategies.

Conclusions:

• Updated understanding of Barrett esophagus is crucial.
• Classification into short-segment and long-segment disease impacts clinical management.
• Radiologists require current frameworks for accurate diagnosis and surveillance recommendations.