[Advantages in the use of high performance liquid chromatography technique for screening hemoglobinopathies in...

The hemoglobinopathies are a very heterogeneous group of congenital hemolytic anemias, which includes hemoglobin (Hb) variants, thalassemia and hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH). The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of hemoglobinopathies using the High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC-CE) technique with the beta-thalassemia Short Program of Variant* Bio Rad. Four thousand blood samples from anemic patients from the Laboratorio de Investigación de Hemoglobinas Anormales, Hospital Universitario de Caracas were studied. Twenty six percent of the anemia patients had hemoglobinopathies. The Hb S was the most frequent variant found, followed by the Hb C and Hb D. Also we observed the association of beta thalassemia with Hb S and Hb C. The quantification of the Hb A by HPLC-CE allowed us to classify the double heterozygote Hb S-Beta Thalassemia in Hb S-beta+ Tal Type 1, Hb S-beta+ Tal Type 2, Hb S-beta(0) Thalassemia. The double heterozygote patients with Hb C-Beta thalassemia were also classified. The HPLC-CE is a rapid, reproducible and precise technique. The reliability of HbA2 measurement by HPLC for the detection of beta thalassaemia without any false positive or false negative results is of great advantage. HPLC may be an appropriate method for rapid screening in population surveys for beta thalassemia and hemoglobin variants carriers. Due to the high incidence of cases, in our country this is very important for their clinical management and the genetic and anthropological impact of an early and precise diagnosis.