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Related Experiment Videos

Tissue factor activity in whole blood.

Saulius Butenas1, Beth A Bouchard, Kathleen E Brummel-Ziedins

  • 1University of Vermont, Department of Biochemistry, Given Building, 89 Beaumont Ave, Burlington, VT 05405-0068, USA. saulius.butenas@uvm.edu

Blood
|December 18, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Physiologically active tissue factor (TF) is crucial for hemostasis. This study found that TF levels in healthy, non-stimulated blood are likely below 20 fM, challenging previous higher estimates.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Hematology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Tissue factor (TF) is a key protein initiating blood coagulation.
  • Previous research suggested circulating TF levels exceeding 30 pM in blood.
  • The precise physiological concentration of active TF in blood remains debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To accurately quantify physiologically active TF in non-cytokine-stimulated human blood.
  • To investigate the presence of TF on platelets and monocytes.
  • To reconcile discrepancies in reported TF concentrations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized contact pathway-inhibited blood and plasma with activated platelets.
  • Assessed clot formation kinetics with and without exogenous TF addition.

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  • Employed functional and immunoassays to detect TF on platelets and monocytes.
  • Evaluated TF expression on monocytes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated blood.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant clot formation observed within 20 minutes without exogenous TF.
    • Addition of TF at 16-20 fM markedly accelerated clot formation.
    • No detectable TF activity or antigen on quiescent or stimulated platelets.
    • Monocytes expressed TF only upon LPS stimulation; no TF found on mononuclear cells in non-stimulated blood.
    • Data indicate TF concentration in healthy, non-stimulated blood is likely <20 fM.

    Conclusions:

    • Physiologically active TF concentration in healthy, non-cytokine-stimulated blood is significantly lower than previously suggested, likely below 20 fM.
    • Platelets do not appear to be a significant source of circulating TF.
    • Monocytes express TF upon stimulation, but not in basal conditions.