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Related Experiment Videos

Time-compressed visual speech and age: a first report.

Brent Spehar1, Nancy Tye-Murray, Mitchell Sommers

  • 1Central Institute for the Deaf at the Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.

Ear and Hearing
|December 18, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Older adults maintain visual speech perception despite temporal changes, unlike auditory processing. This suggests age-related temporal processing differences are specific to the sensory modality, not a general slowing.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Audiology

Background:

  • Age-related declines in sensory processing are well-documented.
  • Auditory speech perception is particularly vulnerable to temporal alterations in older adults.
  • Visual speech perception (lipreading) may be less susceptible to age-related temporal processing deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine how aging affects the ability to understand visual speech signals that have been temporally modified.
  • To compare the impact of age on processing altered visual speech versus altered auditory speech.

Main Methods:

  • Two groups of adults, older (20) and younger (15), participated.
  • Participants performed lipreading tasks using time-compressed, time-expanded, and unaltered visual speech stimuli.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Lipreading accuracy was measured for each condition.

    • Main Results:

    • Overall lipreading performance decreased with age.
    • Older adults did not exhibit a disproportionately greater difficulty with speeded or slowed visual speech compared to younger adults.
    • This finding contrasts with known age effects on temporally altered auditory speech.

    Conclusions:

    • Older adults' ability to identify temporally altered visual speech is preserved, unlike their auditory processing.
    • These results challenge the notion of a generalized age-related slowing of information processing.
    • The findings highlight modality-specific changes in temporal processing abilities associated with aging.