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Updated: Aug 20, 2026

Procedure to Evaluate the Efficiency of Flocculants for the Removal of Dispersed Particles from Plant Extracts
Published on: April 9, 2016
Is semi-flocculation effective as pretreatment to ultrafiltration in wastewater treatment?
H K Shon1, S Vigneswaran, H H Ngo
1Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
Abstract:
In this study, ferric chloride (FeCl(3)) flocculation was used as a pretreatment to ultrafiltration (UF) in treating synthetic wastewater containing synthetic organic matter (SOM). The effect of flocculant dose was studied in terms of organic removal and membrane flux decline. The UF with optimum dose of FeCl(3) (68 mg L(-1)) did not experience any flux decline during the whole operation of 6 h. The preflocculation with a smaller dose of 20 mg L(-1) of FeCl(3) led to a severe flux decline in the UF (more than 65% in 6 h). To understand the phenomenon of the flux decline of UF, the MW ranges of SOM removed by different doses of FeCl(3) and by the post treatment of UF were studied. Flocculation with at least 50 mg L(-1) of FeCl(3) dose was found to be necessary to avoid any significant flux decline and to obtain superior DOC removal.
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