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Related Experiment Videos

Attentional modulation in human primary olfactory cortex.

Christina Zelano1, Moustafa Bensafi, Jess Porter

  • 1Program in Biophysics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.

Nature Neuroscience
|December 21, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Attention influences how we process smells. Brain scans show distinct regions in the primary olfactory cortex (POC) that are either attention-dependent or attention-independent, impacting olfactory exploration.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sensory Processing

Background:

  • Attention allows identical stimuli to be processed differently.
  • In olfaction, attention differentiates between breathing and olfactory exploration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of attention in the primary olfactory cortex (POC).
  • To identify brain regions involved in attention-dependent olfactory processing.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to study the human olfactory system.
  • Two experimental designs were employed, using both clean and odor-laden air.

Main Results:

  • A dissociation was observed in the primary olfactory cortex (POC).
  • Attention-independent regions (temporal piriform cortex) showed consistent responses.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Attention-dependent regions (frontal piriform cortex, olfactory tubercle) responded preferentially to attended sniffs.
  • Task-specific anticipatory responses were noted in attention-dependent regions.

    • Conclusions:

    • Attention modulates olfactory processing at the earliest cortical levels.
    • Distinct subregions within the primary olfactory cortex (POC) handle attended versus unattended olfactory information.