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Updated: Aug 20, 2026

Guided Endodontics: Three-Dimensional Planning and Template-Aided Preparation of Endodontic Access Cavities
Published on: May 24, 2022
Endodontics: Part 7. Preparing the root canal
1Department of Adult Dental Care, Glasgow Dental Hospital and School, 378 Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow G2 3JZ, Scotland, UK. p.carrotte@dental.gla.ac.uk
Abstract:
Research into root canal preparation has led to significant changes in instrumentation techniques. Hand files should be manipulated by the balanced-force technique. Recent designs of endodontic instruments have variable tapers giving improved shaping ability. Nickel-titanium rotary instruments will rapidly and safely open the main root canals creating deep space to permit full permeation of irrigant solutions. Practitioners considering changing their endodontic technique are advised to attend hands-on practical courses to gain competence before using these in clinical practice.
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