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Functional optical detection based on pH dependent fluorescence lifetime.

Israel Gannot1, Izhar Ron, Farid Hekmat

  • 1Lasers and Optics in Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel. gannoti@mail.nih.gov

Lasers in Surgery and Medicine
|December 22, 2004
PubMed
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This study developed a method using time-resolved spectroscopy to detect physiological changes in tissues, enabling earlier cancer detection. The technique calibrates fluorescence lifetime dependencies on parameters like pH for improved in vivo diagnostics.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Medical Diagnostics
  • Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Physiological parameter alterations (e.g., pH, temperature) in malignant tissue offer potential for early cancer detection.
  • Time-resolved spectroscopy of fluorescently labeled antibodies can detect these variations, providing high-resolution functional imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish an experimental setup for calibrating near-infrared fluorescent dye lifetime dependencies on physiological parameters.
  • To develop analytical solutions for extracting fluorescence signals from light propagation effects in turbid media for in vivo analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized tissue-like phantoms with embedded fluorescent dyes and simulated tissue optical properties.
  • Employed a time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) instrument and a tunable femtosecond Ti-Sapphire system.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Measured fluorescence decay curves at varying depths and pH values.

    • Main Results:

    • A forward model based on random walk theory accurately described experimental data.
    • Characterized pH dependencies of fluorescence lifetime for two distinct dyes.
    • Demonstrated successful data acquisition up to 5 mm depth and 7 mm source-detector separation.

    Conclusions:

    • Validated analytical solutions to separate scattering effects from intrinsic fluorescence decay.
    • The intrinsic fluorescence decay, sensitive to the fluorophore's microenvironment, is diagnostically significant.
    • Established a foundation for in vivo diagnostic systems by correlating lifetime changes with physiological parameters.